Bill Scalia holds a PhD in American Literature from Louisiana State University. He has published essays on literature and film in the journals Religion and Literature, Literature/Film Quarterly, The Mark Twain Annual, and contributed a chapter on Ingmar Bergman for the anthology Faith and Spirituality in Masters of World Cinema. Also, he edited the anthology Classic Critical Views: Ralph Waldo Emerson. Dr. Scalia teaches writing and literature at St. Mary’s Seminary & University in Baltimore, Maryland. 
This brief essay will seek to answer the distinctions between mimetic and diegetic elements in a filmic text, isolate the voice-over as a unique event located between the strict division[…]
